arrow_backBack to Study Resources

Quiz Chapter 2: Cell Biology and Organisation

10 questions · Form 4 Biology Bab 2: Cell Biology and Organisation

Question 1 of 10Score: 0

If a pancreatic cell secretes insulin (a protein hormone), trace the correct pathway of insulin from synthesis to secretion.

Full Question List & Answer Key

Prefer reading to quizzing? All 10 questions are listed below with the answer and explanation under each one.

1. If a pancreatic cell secretes insulin (a protein hormone), trace the correct pathway of insulin from synthesis to secretion.

  1. A. Ribosome → RER → Transport vesicle → Golgi apparatus → Secretory vesicle → Plasma membrane
  2. B. SER → Golgi apparatus → RER → Lysosome → Plasma membrane
  3. C. Nucleus → Lysosome → Golgi apparatus → Transport vesicle → Plasma membrane
  4. D. Ribosome → SER → Vacuole → Transport vesicle → Plasma membrane
Show answer

Answer: A

Proteins synthesized on ribosomes enter the RER, move via transport vesicles to the Golgi apparatus for processing, and are exported in secretory vesicles.

2. A cell is treated with a metabolic poison that destroys its nucleolus. Which cellular process will be directly impaired first?

  1. A. Synthesis of ribosomal RNA and ribosome formation
  2. B. ATP production during aerobic respiration
  3. C. Phospholipid bilayer assembly
  4. D. Chromosome condensation during prophase
Show answer

Answer: A

The nucleolus inside the nucleus produces rRNA and assembles ribosomal subunits.

3. Which organelle plays a primary role in synthesizing lipids, phospholipids, and steroid hormones, as well as detoxifying drugs?

  1. A. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
  2. B. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
  3. C. Ribosome
  4. D. Nucleolus
Show answer

Answer: B

The Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER) synthesizes lipids/steroids and performs cellular detoxification.

4. Which feature enables mature human red blood cells to transport maximum amounts of oxygen?

  1. A. Lack of a nucleus to provide more space for hemoglobin
  2. B. Presence of numerous chloroplasts for internal gas exchange
  3. C. Elongated flagellum for fast movement in blood vessels
  4. D. Thick lignified walls to withstand high blood pressure
Show answer

Answer: A

Mature erythrocytes lack a nucleus and organelles, creating a biconcave shape with maximum room for hemoglobin.

5. Which structure is present in animal cells but absent in higher plant cells?

  1. A. Centriole
  2. B. Mitochondrion
  3. C. Plasma membrane
  4. D. Ribosome
Show answer

Answer: A

Centrioles are present in animal cells to form spindle fibers during cell division, but are absent in higher plant cells.

6. What structural feature of xylem vessels prevents them from collapsing under negative pressure during water transport?

  1. A. Perforated sieve plates at cross walls
  2. B. Thick, uneven cellulose walls in guard cells
  3. C. Lignin deposits on xylem vessel walls
  4. D. High concentration of chloroplasts
Show answer

Answer: C

Lignin strengthens xylem cell walls, providing mechanical support and preventing collapse during water transpiration.

7. Which connective tissue in humans is responsible for storing fat and providing thermal insulation?

  1. A. Cartilage tissue
  2. B. Adipose tissue
  3. C. Epithelial tissue
  4. D. Vascular tissue
Show answer

Answer: B

Adipose tissue stores fat droplets under the skin and around organs, functioning as energy reserves and thermal insulation.

8. Which vascular tissue in plants consists of sieve tube elements and companion cells?

  1. A. Xylem
  2. B. Phloem
  3. C. Sclerenchyma
  4. D. Collenchyma
Show answer

Answer: B

Phloem tissue consists of sieve tubes and companion cells designed to transport organic nutrients (sucrose).

9. What is the primary function of the tonoplast in a plant cell?

  1. A. Synthesizing lipids and steroids
  2. B. Regulating the movement of substances across the nuclear envelope
  3. C. Enclosing the cell sap within the central vacuole
  4. D. Anchoring spindle fibers during mitosis
Show answer

Answer: C

The tonoplast is the semi-permeable membrane that surrounds the fluid-filled central vacuole in plant cells.

10. What happens to a plant cell when its central vacuole is fully filled with water?

  1. A. The cell bursts due to lack of a cell wall
  2. B. The cytoplasm exerts pressure against the cell wall, making the cell turgid
  3. C. The plasma membrane detaches from the cell wall, causing plasmolysis
  4. D. The cell loses its rigid shape and becomes flaccid
Show answer

Answer: B

Water entering the vacuole creates turgor pressure against the rigid cell wall, giving structural support and turgidity to plant cells.

Sponsored